Craniomaxillofacial Applications for Bioabsorable Magnesium

To overcome concerns and complications with permanent metal and absorbable polymer implants, nanoMAG developed its proprietary BioMg^® bioabsorbable alloy to be used in craniomaxillofacial and other implant applications.

BioMg^® is a magnesium alloy, containing small additions of calcium and zinc, which combines the desirable properties of metal into a material which dissolves and absorbs using a natural degradation process.

By designing an alloy with elements naturally found in the body and with a controlled rate of dissolution, the implant can supply the temporary structural reinforcement needed during healing while avoiding complications associated with current permanent metal alloy and bioabsorbable polymer implants.

BioMg^® Craniomaxillofacial Implant Components

Implants made from BioMg stock utilize existing machining methods for manufacture of metal implants.

Controlled Absorption

Controlled absorption rates for BioMg^® implants are based on a combination of a proprietary chemical composition and processing to control the metal structure of the implant. The minerals released during the absorption process assist bone regrowth to replace the implant, thus substantially reducing implant removal surgeries and the need to manage long-term complications, delivering value to patients and the healthcare system.

Biocompatibility of BioMg^® Magnesium Alloy Components

Magnesium

Magnesium (Mg) is an essential element to the human body with Mg+2 being the fourth most abundant cation in the human body and a co-factor to many enzymes and metabolic processes (1-5). An adult body contains approximately 25 grams of magnesium, with 50% to 60% present in the bones and most of the rest in soft tissues. In vitro and in vivo studies confirm that Mg-based implants have good biocompatibility with no chronic inflammatory reactions (6,7). Mg alloys better match bone strength and stiffness than titanium implants, thus mitigating stress shielding tendencies. Upon absorption, the volume surrounding the Mg implant becomes alkaline as an advantage over the inflammatory acidity predominant around polymer implants.

Calcium

Calcium (Ca) is known to be the essential nutrient element and the most abundant mineral in the body, about 1000 – 1300 g/day is recommended for a healthy adult. It can regulate the normal physiological function of the organs, tissues and systems. Ca is the major mineral component of bone and teeth, playing a crucial role in the formation of bone.

Zinc

Zinc (Zn) is a critical alloying addition to BioMg^® that increases the strength of the alloy for mechanical fixation. Zn is also a nutrient that people need to stay healthy. Zn is found in cells throughout the body and helps the immune system fight bacteria and viruses. The body also needs Zn to make proteins and DNA, the genetic material in all cells. (8).